Gum disease is a very common oral health issue and affects millions of people. Because early symptoms are often mild, many patients do not notice the problem right away. By the time gum disease is diagnosed, it may already be advanced and causing lasting damage. The good news is that gum disease can be treated and, in many cases, prevented with proper care.
Gum disease is an inflammatory condition caused by bacteria found in plaque. When plaque builds up along the gumline, it can irritate the gum tissue. This leads to swelling, tenderness, and bleeding during brushing. At this early stage, the condition is called gingivitis. Without treatment, gingivitis can progress into more serious forms of gum disease.
Symptoms often worsen as gum disease advances. Watch for the following signs:
If you notice any of these symptoms, schedule a dental visit as soon as possible for an evaluation.
When gum disease is not treated early, it can develop into periodontitis. This advanced stage can lead to tooth loss and bone damage. Research has also linked gum disease to serious health conditions, including heart disease, diabetes, high blood pressure, stroke, kidney and liver issues, Alzheimer’s disease, and certain cancers.
Treatment depends on how advanced the condition is and your individual needs. Common treatment options include:
This is often the first step in treating gum disease. Your dentist removes plaque and tartar buildup from the teeth and along the gumline using specialized tools. The teeth are then polished to remove surface stains and debris, helping slow disease progression.
For more advanced cases, a deeper cleaning may be needed. This process cleans below the gumline and targets periodontal pockets that form between the teeth and gums. In some cases, antibiotics may be placed in these areas to help control infection. The tooth roots are then smoothed to reduce future plaque buildup.
Professional treatment works best when combined with good oral care at home. Brushing twice a day, flossing daily, using mouthwash, and keeping regular dental appointments all help prevent gum disease from returning or worsening.
If you are worried about gum disease or want to schedule an oral health evaluation, contact your dental office for guidance and treatment options.
